The Relationship Between Copeptin, Lipid Profile Disorders, and Kidney Function in Patients with Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening condition associated with coronary artery disease. Early, rapid, and accurate diagnosis plays a critical role in reducing mortality rates. Therefore, clinicians rely on a range of biomarkers for the early detection of myocardial injury, including copeptin. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between copeptin levels, lipid profile abnormalities, and kidney function parameters in patients with myocardial infarction.Methods: This study was conducted from July 2025 to November 2025 and included 90 male participants. The first group consisted of 60 patients diagnosed with myocardial infarction (MI), while the second group included 30 apparently healthy individuals as controls. Participants’ ages ranged from 50 to 70 years. Inclusion criteria involved patients attending or admitted to Samarra General Hospital and diagnosed with MI by a specialist physician. Exclusion criteria included patients with cancer, hepatitis, or renal failure.Results: The findings of the current study revealed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in serum copeptin levels in MI patients, reaching (13.99 ± 2.95 pg/ml). Lipid profile analysis demonstrated significant elevations (P ≤ 0.05) in total cholesterol (260.2 ± 23.9 mg/dl), triglycerides (147.3 ± 33.4 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (162.4 ± 26.9 mg/dl), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) (29.46 ± 6.69 mg/dl) in MI patients. In contrast, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels showed a significant decrease, reaching (68.4 ± 14.7 mg/dl). Furthermore, the study demonstrated significant increases in urea (6.32 ± 1.210 mg/dl), uric acid (8.43 ± 2.13 mg/dl), and creatinine (1.048 ± 0.331 mg/dl) levels in MI patients. A strong positive correlation was observed between copeptin and both urea (r = 0.550) and creatinine (r = 0.438). However, very weak correlations were found between copeptin and uric acid as well as lipid profile parameters. Conclusion:* The present study suggests that copeptin can be used as a reliable biomarker in myocardial infarction, as its levels significantly increase in affected patients. Additionally, lipid profile components and kidney function parameters (urea, uric acid, and creatinine) were significantly elevated, while HDL-C levels were significantly reduced in MI patients. A strong positive correlation exists between copeptin and both urea and creatinine, whereas its correlation with uric acid and lipid profile is very weak