The importance of some physiological markers in Tikrit City patients with beta thalassemia

Abstract

Background Thalassemia is a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders caused by a deficiency in the production of beta chains of hemoglobin. Objective of this study was to determine the evaluating variables, measuring hematological, biochemical, and physiological indicators in beta-thalassemia patients and comparing the results with healthy individuals in carriers of beta thalassemia in Tikrit, Iraq. Patients and methods Fifty patients with beta thalassemia carriers who attended the laboratory department of Tikrit Hospital between August 2025 and February 2026 were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. Patients with microcytic hypochromic blood pictures underwent CBC testing, biochemical testing for T-protein, calcium, potassium, and ALP levels, as well as testing for serum iron and ferritin levels. Results: There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.1) in the current study's sex-specific outcomes. The current study's findings on age groups revealed statistically significant differences (p < 0.02) across the study groups.  At a probability level of p < 0.01, there are statistically significant variations in hematological parameters. Additionally, the two research groups' total protein and potassium levels were found to be lower in patients than in healthy individuals, with statistically non-significant differences (p < 0.05). Serum iron and ferritin parameters showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) between the two study groups, although calcium and ALP levels showed statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between patients and healthy individuals.